Tham khảo Kumbh Mela

  1. 1 2 3 The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica (2015). Kumbh Mela: Hindu festival. Encyclopaedia Britannica.
  2. 1 2 Kama MacLean (2003). “Making the Colonial State Work for You: The Modern Beginnings of the Ancient Kumbh Mela in Allahabad”. The Journal of Asian Studies. 62: 873–905. doi:10.2307/3591863. JSTOR 3591863.
  3. ↑ Diana L. Eck (2012). India: A Sacred Geography. Harmony Books. tr. 153–155. ISBN 978-0-385-53190-0.
  4. ↑ Williams Sox (2005). Lindsay Jones (biên tập). Encyclopedia of Religion, 2nd Edition. 8. Macmillan. tr. 5264–5265., Quote: "The special power of the Kumbha Mela is often said to be due in part to the presence of large numbers of Hindu monks, and many pilgrims seek the darsan (Skt., darsana; auspicious mutual sight) of these holy men. Others listen to religious discourses, participate in devotional singing, engage brahman priests for personal rituals, organise mass feedings of monks or the poor, or merely enjoy the spectacle. Amid this diversity of activities, the ritual bath at the conjunction of time and place is the central event of the Kumbha Mela."
  5. ↑ Kane 1953, tr. 55-56.Lỗi sfn: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFKane1953 (trợ giúp)
  6. ↑ McLean, Kama. "Seeing, Being Seen, and Not Being Seen: Pilgrimage, Tourism, and Layers of Looking at the Kumbh Mela." (2009): 319-41. Ebscohost. Web. ngày 28 tháng 9 năm 2014..
  7. ↑ Kama MacLean (2003). “Making the Colonial State Work for You: The Modern Beginnings of the Ancient Kumbh Mela in Allahabad”. The Journal of Asian Studies. 62. doi:10.2307/3591863. JSTOR 3591863.
  8. ↑ Monika Horstmann (2009). Patronage and Popularisation, Pilgrimage and Procession: Channels of Transcultural Translation and Transmission in Early Modern South Asia. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. tr. 135–136 with footnotes. ISBN 978-3-447-05723-3.
  10. ↑ Matthew James Clark (2006). The Daśanāmī-saṃnyāsīs: The Integration of Ascetic Lineages Into an Order. Brill. tr. 294. ISBN 978-90-04-15211-3.
  11. ↑ K. Shadananan Nair (2004). “Mela” (PDF). Proceedings Ol'THC. UNI-SCO/1 AI IS/I Wl IA Symposium Held in Rome, December 2003. IAHS: 165.
  12. ↑ Maclean 2008, tr. 102.Lỗi sfn: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFMaclean2008 (trợ giúp)
  13. ↑ Diana L. Eck (2012). India: A Sacred Geography. Harmony Books. tr. 156–157. ISBN 978-0-385-53190-0.
  14. ↑ Census of India, 1971: Haryana, Volume 6, Part 2, Page 137.
  15. ↑ 1988, Town Survey Report: Haryana, Thanesar, District Kurukshetra, page 137-.
  16. ↑ Madan Prasad Bezbaruah, Dr. Krishna Gopal, Phal S. Girota, 2003, Fairs and Festivals of India: Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh.
  17. ↑ Gerard Toffin (2012). Phyllis Granoff and Koichi Shinohara (biên tập). Sins and Sinners: Perspectives from Asian Religions. BRILL Academic. tr. 330 with footnote 18. ISBN 978-90-04-23200-6.
  18. ↑ James Lochtefeld (2008). Knut A. Jacobsen (biên tập). South Asian Religions on Display: Religious Processions in South Asia and in the Diaspora. Routledge. tr. 29. ISBN 978-1-134-07459-4.
  19. ↑ James Mallinson (2016). Rachel Dwyer (biên tập). Key Concepts in Modern Indian Studies. New York University Press. tr. 150–151. ISBN 978-1-4798-4869-0.
  20. ↑ Maclean 2008, tr. 225-226.Lỗi sfn: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFMaclean2008 (trợ giúp)
  21. ↑ The Maha Kumbh Mela 2001 indianembassy.org
  22. ↑ Kumbh Mela on UNESCO's list of intangibl, Economic Times, ngày 7 tháng 12 năm 2017.
  23. ↑ “Over 3 crore take holy dip in Sangam on Mauni Amavasya”. IBNLive. ngày 10 tháng 2 năm 2013.
  24. ↑ Rashid, Omar (ngày 11 tháng 2 năm 2013). “Over three crore devotees take the dip at Sangam”. The Hindu. Chennai.

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